![]() On most library implementations, the errno variable is also set to a system-specific error code on failure.As I have so much problem while dealing with the eof of a file, whenever I code with fstream and the eof appears I have to clear the stream in order to work with that stream. If the file is successfully opened, the function returns a pointer to a FILE object that can be used to identify the stream on future operations. The stream shall be repositioned ( fseek, fsetpos, rewind) before a writing operation that follows a reading operation (whenever that operation did not reach the end-of-file). Although on some environments no conversions occur and both text files and binary files are treated the same way, using the appropriate mode improves portability.įor files open for update (those which include a "+" sign), on which both input and output operations are allowed, the stream shall be flushed ( fflush) or repositioned ( fseek, fsetpos, rewind) before a reading operation that follows a writing operation. Depending on the environment where the application runs, some special character conversion may occur in input/output operations in text mode to adapt them to a system-specific text file format. Text files are files containing sequences of lines of text. On some library implementations, opening or creating a text file with update mode may treat the stream instead as a binary file. If additional characters follow the sequence, the behavior depends on the library implementation: some implementations may ignore additional characters so that for example an additional "t" (sometimes used to explicitly state a text file) is accepted. This subspecifier forces the function to fail if the file exists, instead of overwriting it. The new C standard (C2011, which is not part of C++) adds a new standard subspecifier ( "x"), that can be appended to any "w" specifier (to form "wx", "wbx", "w+x" or "w+bx"/"wb+x"). This additional "b" character can either be appended at the end of the string (thus making the following compound modes: "rb", "wb", "ab", "r+b", "w+b", "a+b") or be inserted between the letter and the "+" sign for the mixed modes ("rb+", "wb+", "ab+"). In order to open a file as a binary file, a "b" character has to be included in the mode string. With the mode specifiers above the file is open as a text file. The file is created if it does not exist. Repositioning operations ( fseek, fsetpos, rewind) affects the next input operations, but output operations move the position back to the end of file. If a file with the same name already exists its contents are discarded and the file is treated as a new empty file.Īppend/update: Open a file for update (both for input and output) with all output operations writing data at the end of the file. Write/update: Create an empty file and open it for update (both for input and output). Read/update: Open a file for update (both for input and output). Repositioning operations ( fseek, fsetpos, rewind) are ignored. Output operations always write data at the end of the file, expanding it. If a file with the same name already exists, its contents are discarded and the file is treated as a new empty file.Īppend: Open file for output at the end of a file. Write: Create an empty file for output operations. mode C string containing a file access mode. Its value shall follow the file name specifications of the running environment and can include a path (if supported by the system). Parameters filename C string containing the name of the file to be opened. The running environment supports at least FOPEN_MAX files open simultaneously. All opened files are automatically closed on normal program termination. The returned pointer can be disassociated from the file by calling fclose or freopen. The returned stream is fully buffered by default if it is known to not refer to an interactive device (see setbuf). The operations that are allowed on the stream and how these are performed are defined by the mode parameter. Opens the file whose name is specified in the parameter filename and associates it with a stream that can be identified in future operations by the FILE pointer returned.
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